A domain name (for instance, "example.com") is an identification string that defines a realm of administrative autonomy, authority, or control on the Internet. Domain names are formed by the rules and procedures of the Domain Name System (DNS). Any name registered in the DNS is a domain name.
Domain names are used in various networking contexts and application-specific naming and addressing purposes. In general, a domain name represents an Internet Protocol (IP) resource, such as a personal computer used to access the Internet, a server computer hosting a web site, or the web site itself or any other service communicated via the Internet.
Domain names are organized in subordinate levels (subdomains) of the DNS root domain, which is nameless. The first-level set of domain names are the top-level domains (TLDs), including the generic top-level domains (gTLDs), such as the prominent domains com, info, net , org, and the country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). Below these top-level domains in the DNS hierarchy are the second-level and third-level domain names that are typically open for reservation by end-users who wish to connect local area networks to the Internet, create other publicly accessible Internet resources or run web sites. The registration of these domain names is usually administered by domain name registrars who sell their services to the public.
A fully qualified domain name (FQDN) is a domain name that is completely specified in the hierarchy of the DNS, having no omitted parts
Domain names
are used to identify one or more ip addresses. For example, the domain name microsoft.com
represents about a dozen IP addresses. Domain names are used in URLs to
identify particular web pages
Every domain
name has a suffix that indicates which top level domain (TLD) it belongs to.
There are only a limited number of such domains. For example:
· gov - Government agencies
· edu - Educational
institutions
· org - Organizations
(nonprofit)
· mil - Military
· com - commercial business
· net - Network
organizations
· ca - Canada
· th - Thailand
Because the
Internet is based on IP addresses, not domain names, every web server requires a Domain Name Systems (DNS) server to translate domain names into IP
addresses.
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